KEJAHATAN TERORGANISASI LINTAS-NEGARA DI EROPA PASCABREXIT, 2016–2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35450/jip.v10i02.303Kata Kunci:
Transnational Organized Crime (TOC), Europe, post-BrexitAbstrak
Artikel ini menjelaskan ‘kejahatan terorganisir transnasional’ (Transnational Organised Crime, TOC) di Eropa setelah keluarnya Inggris dari keanggotaan di Uni Eropa (UE) atau yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah “British Exit” (Brexit). Memfokuskan sorotan dari tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2022, elaborasi dibatasi pada penelusuran terkait definisi, kebijakan, dan bentuk-bentuk TOC. Menyajikan telaah secara deskriptif-kualitatif, penulis menggunakan data sekunder berupa pelbagai dokumen yang kredibel yang utamanya diterbitkan oleh UE, EUROPOL (khususnya dokumen European Union Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment atau SOCTA) tahun 2017 dan 2021, serta data dari UNODC. Argumen yang penulis kemukakan didasarkan pada pemikiran Zabyelina dan Đorđević, yakni asumsi mereka di dalam perspektif liberal institutionalist. Selain itu, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto (UNCTOC) membantu penulis dalam menjelaskan kerja sama yang dilakukan oleh UE dengan mitra lainnya guna memerangi ancaman TOC. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa definisi UNCTOC masih diadopsi oleh Eropa. Pergeseran kebijakan terjadi pada penyesuaian aturan hukum, khususnya antara Inggris dan UE, sebagai konsekuensi dari ”Brexit.”
Unduhan
Referensi
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Artikel jurnal:
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Internet:
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Buku kompilasi makalah (edited book):
Bossong, R., & Rhinard, M. (2018). Terrorism and Transnational Crime in Europe: A Role for Strategy? In S. S. J. Economides (Ed.), EU Security Strategies: Extending the EU System of Security Governance. Routledge.
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Roman-Urrestarazu, A., Yang, J., Robertson, R., McCallum, A., Gray, C., Martin, M., & Middleton, J. (2019). Brexit threatens the UK’s ability to tackle illicit drugs and organised crime: What needs to happen now? Health Policy, 123(6), 521–525.
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